Tutorial: Simple game with HTML5 Canvas - part 4

Tutorial: Simple game with HTML5 Canvas
Part 1 - Introduction & Background
Part 2 - Character & Animation
Part 3 - Physics & Controls
Part 4 - Platforms & Collisions
Part 5 - Scrolling & Game States

Part 4a. DRAWING THE PLATFORMS
There are two types of platforms our character is able to jump on - ordinary one (orange) and green one - trampoline, gives extra speer and hyper-ultra-high jump. There are always seven platforms on the screen at the time (I tried different number, from 4 to 10 and only 7 works fine with screen size I declare at the beginning). Let's create Platform "class" (function platforms will inherit from).

var Platform = function(x, y, type){
//function takes position and platform type
var that=this;

that.firstColor = '#FF8C00';
that.secondColor = '#EEEE00';
that.onCollide = function(){
player.fallStop();
};
//if platform type is different than 1, set right color & collision function (in this case just call player's fallStop() method we defined last time
if (type === 1) {
//but if type is equal '1', set different color and set jumpSpeed to 50. After such an operation checkJump() method will takes substituted '50' instead of default '17' we set in jump().
that.firstColor = '#AADD00';
that.secondColor = '#698B22';
that.onCollide = function(){
player.fallStop();
player.jumpSpeed = 50;
};
}

that.x = ~~x;
that.y = y;
that.type = type;

return that;
};

Now it's necessary to create function which will generate all that platform stuff and put it into platforms[] array we will define shortly. After that it will be nice to draw the platforms on the screen.

var nrOfPlatforms = 7, 
platforms = [],
platformWidth = 70,
platformHeight = 20;
//global (so far) variables are not the best place for storing platform size information, but in case it will be needed to calculate collisions I put it here, not as a Platform attributes
var generatePlatforms = function(){
var position = 0, type;
//'position' is Y of the platform, to place it in quite similar intervals it starts from 0
for (var i = 0; i < nrOfPlatforms; i++) {
type = ~~(Math.random()*5);
if (type == 0) type = 1;
else type = 0;
//it's 5 times more possible to get 'ordinary' platform than 'super' one
platforms[i] = new Platform(Math.random()*(width-platformWidth),position,type);
//random X position
if (position < height - platformHeight) 
position += ~~(height / nrOfPlatforms);
}
//and Y position interval
}();
//we call that function only once, before game start

Extending Platform object with draw() method:

var Platform = function(x, y, type){
(...)
that.draw = function(){
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)';
//it's important to change transparency to '1' before drawing the platforms, in other case they acquire last set transparency in Google Chrome Browser, and because circles in background are semi-transparent it's good idea to fix it. I forgot about that in my 10kApart entry, I think because Firefox and Safari change it by default
var gradient = ctx.createRadialGradient(that.x + (platformWidth/2), that.y + (platformHeight/2), 5, that.x + (platformWidth/2), that.y + (platformHeight/2), 45);
gradient.addColorStop(0, that.firstColor);
gradient.addColorStop(1, that.secondColor);
ctx.fillStyle = gradient;
ctx.fillRect(that.x, that.y, platformWidth, platformHeight);
//drawing gradient inside rectangular platform
};

return that;
};

Platform must be drawn on each frame, so updating GameLoop() is a must.

var GameLoop = function(){
(...)
platforms.forEach(function(platform){
platform.draw();
});
(...)
};

Part 4b. COLLISIONS Nice, but there is no interaction between angel and the platforms. But one little function will handle everything. Let me introduce checkCollision():

var checkCollision = function(){
platforms.forEach(function(e, ind){
//check every plaftorm
if (
(player.isFalling) && 
//only when player is falling
(player.X < e.x + platformWidth) && 
(player.X + player.width > e.x) && 
(player.Y + player.height > e.y) && 
(player.Y + player.height < e.y + platformHeight)
//and is directly over the platform
) {
e.onCollide();
}
})
}

Another update of main loop (it is good moment to comment line with MoveCircles() function - if platforms are standing still why background is falling down? It will makes more sense when we will implement platform scrolling. Whole GameLoop() function should looks like that now:

var GameLoop = function(){
clear();
//MoveCircles(5);
DrawCircles();

if (player.isJumping) player.checkJump();
if (player.isFalling) player.checkFall();

platforms.forEach(function(platform){
platform.draw();
});

checkCollision();

player.draw();
gLoop = setTimeout(GameLoop, 1000 / 50);
}

Final result: [platforms & collisions demo] Source: [MichalBe Github] I think next part will be the last one, but who knows:).

Tutorial: Simple game with HTML5 Canvas
Part 1 - Introduction & Background
Part 2 - Character & Animation
Part 3 - Physics & Controls
Part 4 - Platforms & Collisions
Part 5 - Scrolling & Game States